Users provide input, and OpenAI’s ChatGPT produces highly sophisticated text that closely resembles human writing.. Its capabilities are based on the Transformer, a deep learning architecture presented by Google in 2017. This is the architecture that allows ChatGPT to read and write text. As it generates responses based on the context and relationships between words in a sentence.
Training Process
Two main phases train ChatGPT: pre-training and fine-tuning.
Pre-training: The model is trained by predicting the following word in a sentence across an extensive dataset of text. This process teaches Chat GPT grammar, facts about the world, and some reasoning abilities.
Fine-tuning: At this stage, the model goes through supervised learning with human trainers. Who provide examples of conversations, acting both as the user and as the AI assistant. This process helps to fine-tune the language model for generating relevant and useful interactions within a dialogue setting.
Transformer Architecture
The Transformer architecture is made up of several layers of attention mechanisms, and ChatGPT is built upon it. This allows the model to capture context and subtle nuances effectively, as it can assign weights (importance) to the different words in the sentence. This design allows for the generation of coherent and contextually relevant responses.
Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) Models
ChatGPT is based on the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) series, with improvements in each version:
GPT-3. 5: Everything GPT-3 is, but better. 5 provides better accuracy for responses using the same model.
GPT-4: The latest product from the AI company, powered the ChatGPT plus subscription, means GPT-4 is a more advanced one and users can enjoy better conversation experience.
GPT-4o: Available as of May 2024, this model includes support for text, image, audio, and video with improved performance over GPT-4 and faster execution. It is free to use up to a point before requiring a paid subscription with higher limits.
GPT-4o mini: A less expensive mini-version of GPT-4o, replacing GPT-3. 5 in the chatgpt interface in July 2024
o1: o1 was introduced in December 2024 and is meant to solve tougher problems by spending far more time “thinking” before it provides an answer, which allows it to analyze its answers and entertain different strategies.
Features and Use Cases
There are many applications for ChatGPT; drafting emails, writing code, finding information and creating content. A versatile tool, it has found applications in customer support, education, and content generation due to its proficiency in generating human-like text.
Limitations
Even with its advanced capabilities, ChatGPT is still limited. It can generate plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers, a phenomenon called “hallucination.” And even though it is capable of producing contextually appropriate responses, it has no consciousness or true comprehension.
