It depicts the Red Dragon of Cadwaladr on a green and white field. This emblem has deep roots in Welsh history and mythology, and represents the resilience of the Welsh people and their rich cultural heritage.
Mythological Origins
Wales: which has a storied legendary connection to the red dragon. One of the best-known stories features King Vortigern, a 5th-century king of the Britons. According to the Historia Brittonum (around 828 AD), Vortigern then attempted to build a fortress at Dinas Emrys. But construction kept failing, due to mysterious subsidence. A young boy, later named Merlin (Myrddin), spoke of two dragons a red one and a white one fighting underground. The victory of the red dragon over the white dragon was interpreted as a prophecy of the Britons overcoming the invading Saxons.
Historical Significance
The red dragon was a powerful symbol for Welsh rulers. In the 7th century, it became linked to Cadwaladr, King of Gwynedd. Became known as the “Red Dragon of Cadwaladr.” In the earlier 15th century, Owain Glyndŵr. Who led a revolt against English rule raised a golden dragon standard. Associating the dragon with Welsh rebellion and identity.
Tudor Adoption
Prominence in the Red Dragon: The Tudor ascent Henry Tudor, being of Welsh descent. Previously adopted his countryman symbol which is the red dragon. In 1485, at the Battle of Bosworth Field, the forces of Henry flew a banner. Emblazoned with a red dragon on a green and white field the Tudor colors. After his victory and coronation, the red dragon entered the royal arms as a supporter. Symbolizing the union of Welsh claims with English under Henry VII.
Official Recognition
The red dragon, associated with Wales for centuries, officially became the national flag in the 20th century. A flag depicting a red dragon on a green and white field, coupled with the motto “Y Ddraig Goch Ddyry Cychwyn” (“The red dragon gives impetus”). It was launched in 1953 for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. But the design received some criticism and was replaced by the present flag in 1959, which removes the motto and has a larger red dragon.
Symbolism and Legacy
Representing the Welsh people, the red dragon represents their strength and determination. It is a symbol of why Wales has a national flag, a reminder of Wales’s rich history, cultural identity, and continuing legacy. Now a symbol of pride that can be found flying from government buildings, taken to sporting events, or displayed at cultural events, the flag has become a representation of the unique heritage of the Welsh nation within the United Kingdom.
Why the red dragon on the Welsh flag is such a potent symbol steeped in ancient legend and historical importance. Despite its evolution, it continues to symbolise the eternal firmness and identity of Wales, making it a unique and close-knit national symbol.
